HARBOUR SEAL

STATUS: Least concern

LATIN NAME: Phoca Vitulina

AT THE WILDLIFE PARK

We have recently rescued three Harbour Seals. Pamina & Ina, came to us after their collection closed and they had nowhere else to go. Nelly, our other Seal, sadly had her enclosure destroyed in a tidal surge and needed to find a temporary home. We stepped in and later introduced her to Pamina & Ina. All three are currently living in our second Sea Lion pool while we build a brand new enclosure for them.

HABITAT

Harbor seals live in temperate coastal habitats along the northern coasts of North America, Europe, and Asia.

WILD DIET

The harbor seal’s diet consists mainly of fish, shellfish, and crustaceans. Harbor seals complete both shallow and deep dives while hunting, depending on the availability of prey.

BEHAVIOUR & BREEDING

After the pupping season, males initiate true mating behavior by chasing, neck- and flipper-biting, and embracing. When approached, females respond by growling, head-thrusting, and flipper-waving. Copulation usually takes place in the water.
Most harbor seal pups shed a white wooly coat before they are born. The mother nurses the pup with rich milk for three to six weeks.

THREATS & CONSERVATION

Seals are at the top of the food chain and so tend to accumulate pollutants such as heavy metals and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) which are persistent in the environment. Female common seals feeding on fish with high levels of PCBs may fail to breed and pollution could thus hinder the recovery of some populations which have been reduced by disease.

FUN & INTERESTING FACTS

  • Females outlive males (30-35 years versus 20-25 years).
  • A fatty tissue called “blubber” keeps them warm.
  • The harbor seal can plunge 300 feet and stay underwater up to 28 minutes.
  • It is against the law to disturb harbor seals and other marine mammals.